youneTHM (It was time for my break anyways, so I guess I can help you now.)
1. There is no such thing as too many compartments. It is possible however to have unnecessary modules. (see somewhat more below in my explanation.)
2. It's fast enough for AI VS AI, but not really fast enough for multiplayer.
It's good to see you actually used modules, but they could become much better. Try to design modules and then combine them together into a ship by copy-pasting.: This is my compact large cannon module for example:
You can see the reactor is attached directly to the shields for the best recharging, ammo factories are directly connected to the large cannons for the fastest reload/firing speed.
Also an important thing to think about is the kind of ship you want to build. A wall, a V, a diagonal V, a missile barge, a kite,... (If you have no idea what those terms mean, they are explained in the guide a redirected you to earlier. I can also give examples if you wish.)
Your ship has weapons at all sides, so not all of them can fire at once. Those are what I call "unnecessary modules". They do their job, but the ship would be cheaper and probably more efficient for its cost if left out. This is why you must choose a specific type for your ship. Take a look at this:
We all came from nothing at first. This is the first effective wall I made. The cannon modules used here are worse than the one I posted above this. Their fire rate is good, there defense not so. (Luckily the high health of the large cannons make up for this.).
The point with this ship is that it's a wall, all weapons at the front, so all weapons fire at the same time. Exceptions to this are missiles, missiles can be attached to the sides and still function. Take a look at one of my more recent ships:
This one uses both cannons, missiles and ion beams (My only exception for clustered reactors!). You can also see I'm not a fan of independant modules for control rooms. Just add a couple (depending on the ship's size) at your engine modules or a more protected weapon module.
At the first ship you uploaded I could see you didn't fully understand ion prisms. Has the guide explained this enough for you, or do you want some more help with that?