Very exploitable. VERY VERY op. Essentially no way to balance this. Why?
You could make a huge ship, with every single factory/reactor in the center, and surround it by a giant barrier of armor. Then use teleporters to teleport crew with ammo and energy to the outside of the ship, where the weapons and shields are. Because your explosive modules are protected,
The game page itself says something along the lines of "do you build your reactor close to the edge, making it vulnerable, or build it close to the center, slowing down your reload speed?" Teleporters would totally remove that concept, which is a huge part of ship design.
The only way I see this working is if bounty hunter gets much harder. Currently, you get to a point where money barely matters. You have 5 million credits in hand, and there's no point in using it because you can kill vanguards.
But if you are constantly struggling to stay above 500k, I guess expensive teleporters could work.